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• Title: Egg Parasitoids of Citrus Weevils in Guadeloupe (Scientific Notes) (Report)
• Author : Florida Entomologist
• Release Date : January 01, 2008
• Genre: Life Sciences,Books,Science & Nature,
• Pages : * pages
• Size : 178 KB

Description

To determine parasitism and mortality factors affecting citrus weevils in Guadeloupe an exploratory trip to the island was taken in the summer of 2006. Guadeloupe was surveyed for egg parasitoids and other natural enemies with the intent of augmenting the parasitoid species that have already been imported and released to control the citrus root weevil, Diaprepes abbreuiatus (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in Florida. Diaprepes abbreuiatus has been a serious economic pest of citrus and ornamentals in Florida since it was discovered in the mid 1960s (Woodruff 1964); in recent years it has also established in Texas (Skaria & French 2001) and has been found in California (Grafton-Cardwell et al. 2004; Anonymous 2005). Efforts to establish biological control agents of the weevil are ongoing and to date include releases of 5 egg parasitoids attacking D. abbreuiatus throughout the Caribbean. Quadrastichus haitiensis Gahan (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) was imported from Puerto Rico, Aprostocetus vaquitarum Wolcott (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) from the Dominican Republic, Ceratogramma etiennei Delvare (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from Guadeloupe (Hall et al. 2001; Pena et al. 2004), Fidiobia dominica Evans and Pena (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae), and Haeckeliania sperata Pinto (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from Dominica (Jacas et al. 2008). Although Q. haitiensis and A. vaquitarum have established in extreme southeastern Florida (Miami-Dade and Broward counties) following multiple releases since 2000 (Pena et al. 2004), these species have not expanded their range into central Florida (Castillo et al. 2005; Ulmer et al. 2006a). Ceratogramma etiennei thrived in the first year after multiple releases near Homestead, FL in 1998 but subsequently failed to establish in the state (Hall et al. 2002; Pena et al. 2004). The lack of establisment of introduced egg parasitoids outside of the extreme southeast region of the state has been linked to climactic conditions as well as pesticide use and seasonal host availability (Hall et al. 2002; Castillo et al. 2005; Ulmer et al. 2006a, 2006b). Fidiobia dominica and H. sperata were recently released in southern Florida and the results of these releases have yet to be determined. Most of the citrus growing regions in Guadeloupe are in Basse Terre, the western half of the country. In this area citrus is grown at higher elevations (382 m) that experience slightly lower temperatures. It is possible that parasitoids found attacking D. abbreuiatus in this area would be more likely to survive and expand into the cooler regions of Florida. On this trip we surveyed the island's citrus growing regions to evaluate the mortality factors and parasitoid species associated with citrus weevils.

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